Wrench.



No. 680,!24. Patented Aug. 6,190].

L. DOES. WRENCH.

(Application filed Oct. 19, 1900.)

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rrnn STATES *ATnN'r OFFICE.

LORING COES, OF WVORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO GOES- WRENCH COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 680,124, dated August 6, 1901. Application filed 0ctoherl9, 1900. Serial No. 33,639. (No model.) h

To all whom it may concern.-

- Be it known that I, LORING Cons, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Worcester, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Wrenches, of which the following description, in connection with the accom panying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention has for its object the production of a wrench in which the screw-sustaining collar is permanently and unyieldingly seated against the usual collar-sustaining shoulder of the shank by novel means to be hereinafter described.

Heretofore the shank of a wrench has been provided with a second shoulder, against which an internal prong depending from the lower end of a malleable-iron collar has been made to contact to seat the end of the collar against the collar-sustaining shoulder. In use this prong, however, of malleable iron, which is longest before it is bent laterally inwardly to engage by its end a shoulder made in the shank of the wrench, has been found impractical for the reason that the prongs are apt to be broken, and in turning the end of the prong to rest upon the seat to secure any longitudinal movement of the collar toward the collar-sustaining shoulder of the shank the shoulder against which the prongs act must be inclined, and with an in clined shoulder the prong fails to take a firm seat in the shank, and consequently the end of the prong has to be secured in place, as by a rivet, which in the use of the wrench is perishable, as shown by United States Pat out No. 465,3l7, dated December 15, 1891.

I have by experiment discovered that to secure a firm and permanent seating of the collar against the collar-sustaining shoulder of the shank the prong or contrivance interposed between the collar and the shank must be separated from the collar, and it should be of steel or steelified iron, and the prong must, before it is used, be shorter than after it is used.

In my experiments I have discovered that instead of the prong I may use struts, as I have chosen to designate short pieces of steel or steelified iron, they being curved,and therefore shortest in their normal or unused con dition, and after said struts have been applied in position to meet a shoulder of the shank and a shoulder of the collar the struts are subjected to pressure, which increases their Figure l in side elevation represents a wrench having my improvement, the collar being partially broken out to show the collarsu'staining shoulder of the shank. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the hand part of the wrench with the usual wooden piece removed, illustrating a strut in position to hold and seat the collar. Fig. 3 represents the strut detached. Fig. 4 is a section in the line 00, Fig. 1, showing two struts in their normal condition preparatory to being elongated to seat the collar upon the collar-sustaining shoul= der; and Fig. 5 is a detail,on a slightly larger scale, showing both struts elongated to permanently seat the collar against the collarsustaining shoulder.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the shank of a wrench provided, as usual, with a collar-sustaining shoulder a, preferably two such shoulders, one at each side of the shank.

B represents a screw-sustaining collar, it sustaining the usual screw 0, employed to slide the movable jaw D on the shank when a nut is to be grasped between it and the fixed jaw E.

F represents the usual wooden handle= shells, they being secured in any usual manner by a bolt G, extended through said handle-shells F and a hole in the shank.

In accordance with this invention I provide the shank at a distance from the shoulder a greater than the depth of the collar B with a shoulder or shoulders, as a, and I provide inside the collar B a suitable shoulder or shoulders 1), preferably of V shape. (See Figs. land 5.) I then provide struts H, composed of short pieces of steel or steelified iron, which are curved, as represented in Figs. 3 and 4:, in the direction of their length,

Fig. 5.

thus making thestruts normally in their unused condition short. I insert one end of a strut preferably into a recess at the lower end of the collar, letting the end of the strut meet the shoulder b, and then I place the opposite end of the strut against the should-er a. of

the shank. In this condition the upper end of the collar practically contacts with the collar-sustaining shoulder a, of the shank; but to make a practical Wrench this shoulder must be immovably fixed upon the shank, so that it cannot under any circumstances be moved in any particular by the action of the wrench. \Vith the struts applied as in Fig.

4, preferably two such struts, one at each side of the shank, I submit the struts to pressure, which straightens the struts, increasing their length and causing the upper end of the collar to be forced immovably against the collar-sustaining shoulder a of the shank, the struts under pressure occupying the position In this way it will be understood that the struts when put into their abnormal or straighter position are fixed permanently in the wrench Without the employment of a bolt or any other retaining device.

The part B, hereinbefore designated as a screw-sustaining collar, is represented as provided withextensions B, which overlapthe edge of the shank. These extensions are common to wrenches and need not be herein further described.

With a shoulder 17, shaped as shown, the pressure applied to the struts to elongate them, as described, causes that end of the strut engaging said shoulder to be indented, so that a portion of the strut passes the shoulder, thus forming on that end of the strut a projection 11 to embrace the shoulder, as represented in Fig. 5.

Having described my invention, what I senting at its end most remote from the collar-sustainingshoulder a strutsupporting i shoulder, a movable, screw-sustaining .collar adapted at one end to abut the collar-sustaining shoulder and provided at its interior 'Wi'th a shoulder acted upon by one end of a strut, and a curved strut which is sufficiently straightened after contact with the said re-- ceiving shoulder of the shank and of the collar to firmly seat the collar against the collarreceiving shoulder of the shank.

2. A wrench-shank provided with a collarsustaining shoulder, and provided at eaclf side with a shoulder, combined with independent struts abutting at one end a'shoulder of the shank and at the other end a shoulder of the collar, said struts entering each a space in the shank-at one side of the shoulder in the side thereof, said struts being straightened and fixed in position and serving to .hold the collar adjusted longitudinally of the shank of the wrench to thereby seat one end of said collar immovably against the collarsustaining shoulder of the shank.

Y 3. In awrench, a shank h'avinga shoulder to. sustain the screw-receiving collar, and a shoulder to receive one end of a strut, combined with a strut, and a screw-sustaining collar having a V-shaped notch embraced by one end of the strut.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LORING GOES.

lVitnesses':

WM. J. EDDY, JOHN H. Cons. 

